Even if you are a person who is far from the construction industry, then you should be aware that it is extremely uncomfortable to live without high-quality flooring. This applies to houses made of different materials. The frame building is no exception. If you properly equip the floor structure, then with its help it will be possible to keep the heat inside the premises, as well as create a reliable support that will extend the life of the building for several decades.
In order to give the building strength, it is necessary to create which will act as the basis for the future topcoat.
Design features of the subfloor
If you will be installing the floor in a frame house, then at the first stage it is worth creating a rough coating, which should be as even, flat and reliable as possible. Ultimately, it will be possible to lay, for example, a laminate on such a coating. The main objective of this design will be a uniform distribution of the load on the surface. So you can eliminate the occurrence of bends and deformations of the finish coating. The device of the floor in a frame house can be carried out using several technologies, but the most popular and relevant today are logs, dry screed on the ground or wet screed on the soil surface.
Stages of erecting a subfloor on logs
If you decide to use a technique that involves the use of a lag, then it will be possible to carry out the work in several stages. These elements are raw bars that are located on the floor or ground. Their alignment should be carried out on the side where the final coating will be covered. To do this, you can use an ordinary ax. Wood is protected from aggressive factors and insects, for which the surface of the elements is treated with an antiseptic composition.
If you will be laying logs along the ceiling, then in the upper crown of the walls it is necessary to cut grooves where planed logs will be laid. Among other things, the logs are installed on brick supports, which strengthen the system and extend the life of the structure. When the rough coating is installed on the base, the soil is first covered with a 2 cm layer of crushed stone, which must be compacted. Logs are installed on support poles, which are mounted on the foundation, and their protection from moisture will extend the life of the structure.
For reference
The device of the floor in a frame house can also be made of plywood, which is installed on logs. This option turns out to be budgetary and is distinguished by wear resistance and practicality. For reliable fastening of the elements around the perimeter, you need to lay small bars, from which a wooden crate should be made. Plywood sheets are fixed with special screws or nails, the distance between which should be approximately 150 mm.
After completion of these works, you can begin to lay thermal insulation materials like mineral wool or a substrate under a laminate.
Creation of a rough coating based on a wet screed
If you will be installing the floor in a frame house, then you can apply the wet screed technology on the ground. This technique is not always preferred because the floor surface will need to be left to dry completely, which will take several weeks. The deadline will depend on climatic conditions. Today, two methods of wet screed are known, one of which involves the use of cement mortar, while the other involves the use of self-leveling floor. The most common way to create such a base is the use of cement brand M-250.
As a result, it is possible to obtain a smooth surface due to the inclusion of polymer ingredients in the composition. Among other things, they give the coating increased resistance to mechanical stress. The thickness of this system can vary from 30 to 100 mm. The screed should be additionally reinforced with metal elements.
Preparatory work
The device of the subfloor in the frame house can be carried out according to the method of laying a wet screed. At the preparatory stage in this case, the base should be cleaned, removing debris, foreign objects and dirt.
At the next stage, waterproofing from a polyethylene film is laid, and a tape must be installed around the perimeter, which will compensate for the thermal expansion of the mixture. If the surface has differences ranging from 2 to 4 mm, then beacons should be installed that guarantee a perfectly flat surface after pouring.
Work methodology
When the floor of a frame house is being installed on a strip foundation, then at the next stage it is necessary to dilute the mixture and apply it, leveling it with a special bar. It is necessary to get rid of the air bubbles that have appeared with a knitting needle, then the rough screed is left to dry for about a month. Once the floor has gained strength, it can be used as a rough base for laying any finish, including ceramic tile, linoleum, parquet or laminate.
It is better to equip a self-leveling floor, which will become a rough base, when leveling the surface with a slope of up to 30 mm is required. However, it is strictly forbidden to apply such a mixture to the ground, since the composition requires a solid base, such as a concrete screed.
The material needs to be protected from moisture, so it is necessary to lay a waterproofing film. Its thickness can vary from 1 to 2 mm. The technology for laying such a solution is similar to the method described above, however, self-leveling floors dry faster, and further work can be carried out after 10 days.
Floor in a frame house on screw piles
The device of the floor of a frame house on screw piles will involve the use of a bar, channel or I-beam. Work can be carried out immediately after the construction of the pile foundation. For strapping, you can use wooden beams to which logs are attached. The span of the beams should not exceed a level of three meters. If the span is greater than this value, then pile supports should be additionally used. For beams, a beam cross section of 100 mm is recommended; coniferous wood is best used as a material.
Before installing the strapping, it is necessary to waterproof the base with roofing material, plastic film or penofol. When the floor is being installed in a frame house on piles, after installing the beams, you can proceed to laying the log. The distance between these elements should be 500 mm. For the first floor, logs on piles are used, the cross section of which should be 250 mm. Whereas for the second floor, elements of 70x200 mm are suitable. If the spans are relatively small, which is especially true for toilets and bathrooms, then the cross section of the beams can be reduced to 50x150 mm.
In order to increase the strength of the structure, it can be reduced to 40 cm. Before proceeding with laying the log, it is necessary to make markings that will determine the distance between the elements. At the next stage, in the strapping beam, it is necessary to make recesses along the width of the beams. As soon as the logs are laid in the strapping grooves, they can be fixed with dowels, self-tapping screws, nails or screws.
When the floor is being installed in a frame house, it is recommended to consider the photo in advance. Perhaps this will allow you to understand by what method to carry out the work. Speaking of the above, it can be noted that from below to the lags, square-section boards with a side of 30 mm are fixed. In order to increase the strength of the floor structure, the bars are connected by transverse jumpers, the distance between which is 150 cm. However, this condition is not mandatory.
Warm floor on the stove
If you have completed the construction of a frame house, the basis of which is a slab, then it's time to start installing a warm floor. The base must be clean and dry, and the maximum difference in height must not exceed 0.5 cm. Otherwise, the irregularities must be leveled. For this, sometimes even a layer of low-quality concrete is used.
When the floor is being installed in a frame house on a slab, the next step is to lay the waterproofing so that it also acts as a vapor barrier. To do this, you can use plastic wrap. The overlap of the canvases should be approximately 12 cm, and the seams are connected with adhesive tape. It is important to lay a thick layer of thermal insulation, which will eliminate heat loss. Penofol is recognized as the most practical material. in a frame house, the next step involves laying a pipeline, which is then poured with the same
