During the heating season, many owners are thinking about installing alternative heating appliances. Such equipment should be energy efficient and create high-quality space heating. One of the best solutions today is electric underfloor heating. It consumes less energy compared to other heaters. The principle of its operation allows you to create the most comfortable heating.
Installing such a system is very simple. Connecting a warm floor to electricity, the scheme of which is presented in detail in the manufacturer's instructions, will help with this. Before installation, it is necessary to study the installation process in stages. If everything is done correctly, the warranty from the manufacturer will be valid during the operation of the self-connected system. For some manufacturers, it reaches 20-25 years.
The principle of electric heating
The popularity of underfloor heating is growing every year. This is due to the many features of such systems. You can install an electric underfloor heating under almost any surface. The presented system is mounted in each room. Unlike convectors, radiators and other similar devices, an electric wire heats up the floor covering. Therefore, the highest temperatures are observed at the bottom of the room. At the ceiling, the air is colder.
Therefore, this principle of heating is as comfortable as possible for a person. Convectors, on the contrary, contribute to the accumulation of the most heated air masses near the ceiling. At the bottom, the lowest temperatures are determined. But people are in this zone. Therefore, energy is used inefficiently.
Connecting a warm floor to electricity, the diagram of which is presented in the instructions, is very simple. This process is easy to do on your own.
Types of systems
When studying the question of how to connect a warm floor to electricity, it is necessary to consider the existing types of systems. Most often, wires are used for the presented purposes. This product consists of a nichrome core, around which various insulating shells are created. 
The cable comes in different sizes. If the diameter of the product in the section reaches approximately 7 mm, it is mounted in a screed. According to building codes, this layer is from 3 to 5 cm. If the screed is smaller, the heat is distributed unevenly. Warmer and cooler zones will be felt.
If it is not possible to make a screed in the room (raise the floor level by 5-7 cm), a thin wire is used. Its diameter is 3.5 mm. This system is mounted directly into the tile adhesive. The solution layer in this case is only 5-8 mm. This system heats up faster, but also cools down literally 30 minutes after being turned off.
Infrared warm floor
Classic options for underfloor heating are filled with mortar. But if the wooden base is already ready in the room, this type of system is not suitable. In this case, it is applied in the form of a film. 
Preferably, the heating element in such a device is carbon paste. The scheme for connecting a film underfloor heating to electricity is almost no different from a wire. But there are several nuances here.
The operation of infrared film is similar to the heat of the sun. The rays do not heat the air, but the surrounding objects become warm. Do not put mortar or glue on the film. Such systems are designed purely for dry installation. Tile adhesive or screed will corrode the film over time.
But under a laminate, linoleum or thin carpet, the film is installed very simply. In this case, its effectiveness will be maximum. The scope of infrared floor heating is extensive. It is even mounted in animal enclosures, behind mirrors, in incubators and so on.
Purpose of the system
Can be comfortable or autonomous. In order not to use any heating devices in the room, except for electric wires, you will need to cover about 70% of the room area with them. 
The screed or tile adhesive will heat up and give off heat to the environment. This can be compared to a heated convector panel located all over the base of the room.
Features of connecting a warm floor must be taken into account when creating heating in each room. Comfortable heating is created if the system is mounted under a small area of flooring. It will be warm to walk on this surface, but other devices should be used to heat the room.
Film underfloor heating was originally designed for comfortable heating. The wooden base requires heating not higher than +30 ºС. Therefore, it creates only comfortable heating.
thermostat
Whatever system the owners of an apartment or house choose, it must be connected to the network through a thermostat. This device controls the degree of heating. There are various thermostats on the market.
In the simplest version, the device has a built-in or remote sensor that measures the temperature. In the simplest version, the device has a built-in or remote sensor that measures the temperature. Some models have both types of metering at the same time. There are also two-zone varieties, in which there are 2 remote sensors at once.
The thermostat can be controlled mechanically or by setting a weekly program. On the reverse side, the device can have from 4 to 9 terminals. But most often there are only 6 of them. 
Two terminals are designed to connect a remote sensor. If it is built into the case, then there will be 4 sockets for connection. The next two terminals are for connecting wires from the network (phase and zero).
Next, the underfloor heating is connected to electricity. The circuit, the features of which are determined by the type of thermostat and the system itself, involves connecting 2 wires from the heating element to the last 2 terminals.
solid wire
On sale there are heating wires of single-core and two-core types. Their connection is somewhat different. Any thermostat is suitable for such systems. Most often, these devices can withstand a load of 3.5 kW. But there are thermostats with smaller parameters.
Therefore, before connecting, the total power of the system must be taken into account. A single-core wire has contacts on both sides for connection. This must be taken into account in the layout process. Both ends should return to the same thermostat. Next, the underfloor heating is connected to electricity. How easy it is to do this job, the manufacturer's instructions will help. 
The heating wire is connected to the cold connection via a sleeve. For installation in a single-core system, 3 wires come out on each side (blue, brown and green-yellow). Before connecting, the contacts of the corresponding color are connected and inserted into the thermostat terminals.
Two-core wire
Two-wire wire is more often on sale. It is easier to install. Its first end also has a cold wire for connection. The second edge, unlike a single-core system, is sealed. There are no wires coming out of here.
Therefore, the soldered end can be left far from the thermostat when laying out the system. Appropriate cold wires are included in the terminals of the device. This is a simpler scheme for connecting a warm floor (the instruction is always attached to the product by the manufacturer).
Infrared warm floor
A slightly different way is to connect an infrared warm floor. The film is sold in the form of a roll. It can be cut in certain places to lay the film over the desired area. 
The kit also includes special clamps. You will need wire and bituminous insulation. Metal clips are put on the contacts of the film, a wire is brought to them. The joints are isolated with bituminous material.
Self-regulating wire
It is used for heating pipes and tanks in winter. It is purchased less frequently than the listed systems. But in some cases it is irreplaceable. This wire is not afraid of overheating. It can be mounted without a tie.
Thanks to a special device, this product is able to change the heating level depending on the ambient temperature. Therefore, in this case, a thermostat is not required.
Connecting a warm floor to electricity (the circuit involves the use of a thermostat) is simple. It can be performed even by a master who does not have much experience in carrying out such work.
