Basement waterproofing inside and out

In some cases, a basement is made under the house, and so that mold does not appear there and fungi do not multiply, it is necessary to waterproof the basement. Groundwater seeps deep into the basement walls and causes the destruction of the reinforcing frame, and as a result, the bearing capacity of the foundation will decrease. The waterproofing of the basement from groundwater, depending on the tasks it performs, is divided into horizontal and vertical waterproofing. Horizontal foundation waterproofing is built right under the foundation, while vertical foundation waterproofing is built right on the inside and outside walls of the foundation.

House basement waterproofing

Depending on the soil pressure on the basement wall, waterproofing can be anti-pressure, non-pressure and capillary.

• Anti-pressure is done to protect against groundwater that is above the level of the basement floor and consists of three layers of bitumen-based mortar.
• Non-pressure is done to protect against moisture formed after precipitation and is a bituminous mastic applied to the floor.
• Capillary waterproofing is done to protect against the penetration of moisture into the foundation. With capillary waterproofing, deep penetration waterproofing is used, which consists of cement and chemical additives with the help of which the cement penetrates deep into the pores and clogs them.

Basement exterior waterproofing

The pit for the foundation and the foundation walls must be dug out so that there is a small distance from the foundation to the walls of the pit along which a person could move so that he can properly waterproof the foundation.

The bottom of the pit should have a slight slope from the middle in different directions. It is recommended to fill and compact a 10 cm layer of clay at the bottom of the pit. At the bottom of the pit, 15 cm of crushed stone is poured and tamped, and the crushed stone is covered with sand with a layer of 15 cm and also tamped. On the sand, waterproofing is laid in rolls in two layers, and if the groundwater level is above the floor level, then three or four layers are made. Moreover, all joints and all layers must be glued together with mastic. Then formwork is done to fill the floor. For the manufacture of the floor, you need to use a waterproof hard concrete mortar.

Drainage

It is also necessary to do foundation drainage as an additional waterproofing.

First, drainage trenches are dripped with a depth of 30 to 50 cm at a slight slope from the building. A geotextile is laid at the bottom of the drainage trench and unfolded along the entire trench, and each edge of the geotextile should come out of the trench by 80 cm and spread over the ground. The entire trench is covered with gravel with a layer of 5 cm and drainage pipes are laid with a slope of 0.5 cm for every 1 meter of pipe, and the end of the drainage pipe must go into a pit or into a drain collector. The pipe also needs to be covered with gravel with a layer of 20 to 30 cm and wrapped on top with geotextiles laid out on the ground. Then you need to pour sand into the trench directly on the geotextile with a layer of 15 cm, and pour rubble on top with a layer of 15 cm and everything needs to be tamped.

blind area

After filling the foundation with soil, you need to make a clay-crushed stone pavement. The blind area is made so that the water flowing from the roof, falling on the blind area, flows away from the building, so the blind area is made at a slight angle.

The blind area should be at least 60 cm, but in general it is made 20 cm wider than the plumb roof. A trench is made along the perimeter of the house along the width of the blind area and a depth of about 30 cm with a slight slope from the house. As a waterproofing of the blind area around the house, clay is poured into the bottom with a layer of 10 cm, rammed and leveled. From above, directly on the waterproofing under the blind area, gravel is poured with a layer of 10 cm and sand with a layer of 5 cm and compacted. A small formwork is made along the far edge from the house, and expansion joints are made across the bars and a reinforcing mesh is laid between them. All this is poured with concrete of the M200 or M300 brand with a layer of 5 cm and, using a special trowel, is leveled so that there is a slope from the house.

Internal basement waterproofing

Usually, waterproofing inside the basement begins with carefully coating all joints with coated waterproofing, and then, when all joints are coated, cement mixture plaster is applied to the foundation walls.

If the walls are concrete and all joints are well sealed, then a penetrating waterproofing of the basement is used from the inside, with the help of which the entire surface is processed, and after drying, the wall becomes waterproof. If the walls are brick or made of blocks, then coating waterproofing is used for the foundation, with the help of which all seams between bricks and blocks are coated, and when it hardens, coating-type waterproofing is applied to the entire brick wall.
Depending on the method of applying waterproofing, the materials that are used to waterproof the foundation from groundwater are coated, liquid and pasted.

Basement waterproofing repair

If water flows into the basement, then a blind area is made and vertical waterproofing of the basement walls from the inside and outside. To waterproof the basement from the outside, you will have to dig out the foundation to its entire depth, but you need to dig out in small sections of about 1.5 or 2 meters. The wall must be cleaned and plastered with a mortar consisting of 1 part cement and 2 parts water. Then the foundation is waterproofed with rolled materials, rolled waterproofing for the foundation is glued onto the wall in two layers, all seams must be glued, and then if there is rolled waterproofing under the foundation, they must be glued together.