A bathroom is a room in which the moisture content exceeds several times the humidity in the entire apartment or house. In addition, very often at the time of taking water procedures, there is a spill of water on the floor and abundant irrigation of the walls when taking a shower. In order not to flood the neighbors and not harm your home, you need a coating waterproofing of the bathroom.
Wall waterproofing devices
It is necessary to start with the fact that in the bathroom, whether it is new construction or major repairs, it is necessary to determine the “wet” zones. Wet zones are called wall sections and, which are primarily exposed to direct action not of water vapor, but of water. The second question - what to do in the bathroom?
A shower cabin, a bathroom and a wall adjacent to it, a washbasin - these are the places that must first of all be carefully isolated from water and water vapor. walls are recommended to be carried out with one or two component, liquid mixtures.
They include a sand-cement mixture, chemical plasticizers and polymer fillers. The polymers bind larger sand particles and form a waterproof film. The cement included in the composition turns this substance into a monolith with high strength characteristics. The plasticizer creates the ideal conditions to keep this waterproof shell from cracking.
Preparing for waterproofing
It is important to know! The coating of bathroom walls is made with materials based on sand, cement and polymer components.
Bathroom waterproofing materials are divided into one-component mixtures and two-component waterproofing compositions. According to their characteristics, they are approximately the same, but the difference lies in the technology of their application.
One-component mixtures are mixed with tap water in the proportions indicated by the manufacturer on the packaging. After that, a thick mixture is applied with a brush to the walls twice.
Important to remember! Before application, they must be moistened with water. This will ensure deep penetration of the solution into the smallest pores of concrete and brick structures.
The interval between applying layers is on average 4-6 hours. The layer thickness should be at least 2-3 mm. For mixing and activation, two-component use a special polymer emulsion in place of water. This type of waterproofing of the bathroom walls will reliably protect against moisture and fungal infection.
When the walls in the bathroom are completed, you can move on to the floor. To do this, it is necessary to apply a comprehensive preparation of the base of the existing floor. First of all, it is necessary to remove the old coating and clean the floor from construction debris and dust.
After that, it is necessary to examine the concrete base and the adjoining walls for the presence of chips and deep cracks. If there are any, then they must be expanded (embroidered) with a spatula or chisel and a hammer to a depth of 3-5 mm.
We close up the cracks
Now the cracks are sealed with cement mortar and carefully smoothed out. When the solution is dry, the entire surface of the bathroom floor and adjacent walls are primed to a height of 10-15 cm. For this, a deep penetration primer is used. It will bind the grains of the surface layer and increase the adhesion of the waterproofing composition. If necessary, the primer can be applied 2-3 times.
Mastic for waterproofing a bathroom made of bitumen or mastic made of polymer components is used as a coating for the concrete base of the floor. However, there are certain limitations for bituminous mastic.
Bituminous bathroom under the tiles is diluted with organic solvents or gasoline. This requires constant ventilation of the bathroom space when applying it to the surface of the concrete base floor. The emitted vapors adversely affect the human body. A sudden spark can start a fire.
Polymer mastic is not combustible, has practically no unpleasant odor and is environmentally friendly. Its consistency is thin enough to be applied to the floor surface with a brush. In this case, the mass of the waterproofing mixture will completely fill the microcracks of the cavity and the shell of the concrete base of the floor slabs and walls.
Important to remember! Waterproofing of bathrooms from mastic is applied to the entire surface of the floor and to adjacent walls to a height of at least 10 cm. Particular attention should be paid to the waterproofing of sewerage and water supply pipes.
Roll materials can be used as waterproofing for the bathroom floor. In this case, the meaning of the work is to create a waterproof trough at the base of the floor.
To do this, use welded or self-adhesive materials. The former require heating with a gas burner for gluing to a concrete base. This option is the most expensive financially. Self-adhesive roll materials are enough to be laid and firmly pressed to the base. In this case, the overlap of adjacent sheets should be at least 10 cm, the overlap of the insulator strips on the walls along the perimeter is also 10 cm.
When the waterproofing device in the bathroom is completed, a sand-cement screed can be poured onto it. After the waterproofing has gained strength on the floor and walls, you can safely lay wall and floor tiles in the bathroom.
