Laying the coating in the bathroom, bathroom - must necessarily provide protection from moisture. At the same time, the waterproofing of the floor under the tiles is done in different ways, using both very inexpensive and effective roll materials, and using mastics, as well as special one-component compositions. Each of the methods used differs both in the level of financial investment and in the general requirements for the qualification of the performer.
Waterproofing for laying tiles in the bathroom is done very carefully. Here, not only the relatively large amount of moisture that is often present on the floor plays a role. The task is to provide protection against steam and condensate.
This is important for a number of reasons:
- it is necessary to ensure that there are no leaks to the lower floor or to the basement;
- it is required to protect interfloor ceilings from the destructive action of moisture;
- steam, penetrating into concrete and other structural materials, acts negatively, causing decay, corrosion, destruction and a decrease in the overall temperature and strength characteristics of the walls.
When carrying out waterproofing work under the tile, you need to pay attention to every little thing. To guarantee the durability of the coating, it is required to level the floor and walls as carefully as possible. Then the loads on the tiles will be distributed evenly, there will be no danger of splitting due to pressure, lagging of individual elements, cracks due to temperature deformations.
Leveling the floor surface is mandatory; in the case of a relatively smooth surface, cracks and depressions are sealed with putty. If there are strong irregularities, it is recommended to remove the old one and make a new thin concrete screed reinforced with plastic mesh.
Application of roll materials
Laying tiles can take place on a waterproofing base created using rolled materials. This type of insulator is applicable only for floor protection.
At the same time, they distinguish:
- floor covering;
- deposited materials;
- self-adhesive waterproofing.
On a prepared, even, debris-free floor surface treated with anti-mold primers, it is easiest to lay floor-type roll insulators. It can be roofing felt, one-sided penetration membranes (with vapor protection), thick polymer films.
The nature of the work may vary depending on the material
- If polymer films, membranes, non-woven material are used, the strips are placed along the length of the covered area, with an overlap of 5-10 cm. The joining lines are glued with adhesive tape.
- Working with roofing material and other materials containing bitumen or viscous polymer compositions can be carried out in two ways. The first is the use of mastics. The overlap zone of the strips is carefully smeared, the seam is rolled with a roller. The second is the effect of temperature. You can use a building hair dryer or a special soldering iron. The taping method also shows acceptable results.
- The use of floating coatings implies intense temperature exposure. In this case, the gas burner acts as the main tool. Since a ventilation problem may arise in the limited space of the bathroom, heat guns or high-power building hair dryers can be used. When fusing the coating onto the base, special attention is paid to the overlap zone. It must be carefully warmed up, pressed, smoothed.
When working with welding materials, respiratory protection measures should be taken if an open flame is used. It is also necessary to take into account all fire safety rules and not work with fire if the characteristics of the building do not allow such actions.
- A separate segment of waterproofing agents are rolled materials containing bitumen, which have a ready-made adhesive base. It is convenient to apply them, for this the protective film is gradually peeled off directly from the roll during deployment. All work can be done by one person.
The use of rolled waterproofing materials in preparation for laying tiles must be carried out by observing a few simple rules:
- the perimeter is carefully smeared with bitumen or mastics;
- a film or other type of coating is laid so that the material "fits" on the wall by 10-15 cm;
- a special adhesive tape can be used to waterproof the perimeter, excellent performance is shown by brands that are heated with a building hair dryer.
To work with roll materials, you do not need a special tool (with the exception of gas burners, if you choose a floating type waterproofing). You will need a knife, tape measure, chalk or a simple pencil, as well as a brush to remove debris and a smoothing roller.
Working with roll waterproofing is simple and low financial investment. It can be used as a classic roofing felt, roofing felt, and materials based on fiberglass, polyester. A thin concrete screed with reinforcement is made on top of the formed protective layer.
Coating technology
Excellent protection indicators are observed if coating waterproofing is used. This technology has several advantages:
- you can protect not only the floor, but also the walls, ceiling;
- there is no need to carefully level the floor surface;
- after hardening, the liquid composition forms a perfectly smooth surface, excellent for laying tile;
- modern compositions can also work as a means of leveling the floor.
Coating waterproofing can be carried out with bituminous mastics or special polymer compositions. For work, you do not need a complex, unusual tool. You will have to work with a spatula, brushes, a rubbing roller.
If the floor surface is large, spray installations can be used, however, such work requires the use of expensive equipment and high-cost acrylic water-based compositions.
It is necessary to work with coating compositions carefully, not missing a single spot on the surface. In the case of polymer-based liquid formulations, they are poured out and distributed over the floor surface. At the same time, waterproofing with bituminous mastics does not remove the need to make a concrete screed, on the surface of which tiles will then be laid.
Additional information: Optimal in terms of price, coating quality, ease of work - looks like a composition based on cement and polymer mastic. It is fluid enough to be easy to smooth out. Forms a perfectly smooth surface. It has an attractive cost for the consumer. The level of strength is such that it is not necessary to lay a screed - using a cement-polymer composition, you can bring the floor height to the desired level.
The use of one-component mastics
Waterproofing materials such as one-component mastics are the latest generation of floor and wall treatments for tiling. They have the property of adhesion of layers, therefore they do not form seams, providing the creation of a monolithic and durable coating. Coating waterproofing using one-component mastics has several advantages:
- there are no seams, neither in the horizontal direction within one layer, nor vertically, within the thickness of the entire coating;
- no weak points of the coating are observed, it is as tight as possible;
- applying the composition is not difficult, you can work with a brush and roller;
- making waterproofing with one-component mastics, it is easy to guarantee protection against mold, reproduction of fungus, microorganisms.
It is always worth remembering one main property of one-component formulations. After drying, the waterproofing does not protect against the penetration of steam. In some cases, this is useful - the room "breathes". But in most cases, this property of the mastic acts as a disadvantage, therefore, a one-component composition is often used in combination with simple film protection against moisture.
Waterproofing with one-component mastic is done in compliance with a number of rules:
- Each applied layer must dry. The time depends on the specific indicators of humidity and temperature, therefore, before starting to apply a new portion of the composition, the stickiness of the dried one is checked - the composition should not remain on the fingers.
- If you want to create a thick layer and thus raise the overall level of the floor, the best performance is achieved using fine quartz sand. Each layer of mastic is sprinkled before final drying in order to achieve maximum adhesion with the next one.
- Sand should be removed from the top layer of mastic. A fine brush will work for this.
After the waterproofing with a one-component mastic is ready, it is required to allow time for the final polymerization. The fact that the top layer does not stick to the fingers is not a sufficient indicator. Before proceeding with the installation of the tiled coating, you need to wait from 1 to three days. The amount of time is best known from the recommendations given by the one-component mastic manufacturer.
As a conclusion
Waterproofing the floor for laying tiles has a clearly defined workflow. If the stage of laying the protective surface depends on the specific material chosen, then the general course of preparatory operations is mandatory.
The surface is leveled, cleaned of dust using shields and a vacuum cleaner. If there are cracks or areas of collapsing coating, they are removed. Putties are used to fill the cavities.
If there are large height differences and pits on the floor, the old one should be removed and a new thin reinforced concrete screed should be made. By doing all the work carefully and carefully, you can ensure that both the waterproofing and the tiled floor will work efficiently and last a very long time without causing trouble.
