Sequence of finishing work step by step. What is the procedure for finishing a newly built house? The procedure for finishing finishing work in the house

Finishing is carried out at the last stage of repair work. It includes a number of procedures that make it possible to obtain a finished premises. It is important to consider that this process is started only after the rough work has been completed. If everything is done correctly, the finishing procedures will not require much effort.

First of all, you need to decide what the finishing of an apartment is. This concept does not have a clear, fixed designation, so there are several interpretations. In general, finishing work implies processes that do not require large-scale and labor-intensive manipulations, the result of which is a room that is absolutely ready for habitation.

On a note! Confusion arises because there are several options for dividing repair work into stages. So, in the first case, the list includes only two processes: finishing and rough finishing. But often there is an intermediate stage - pre-finishing. This is why the line between the works that should be included in each category is a little blurry.

There is no clear line of demarcation between the concepts of rough and fine finishing; they are defined only in general directions

It is necessary to take into account that currently it is possible to buy housing at various stages of the work. Many people prefer fully finished houses or apartments, which has a number of undeniable advantages:

1. You can move in immediately. All communications are functional, and surfaces have decorative cladding.
2. There is no need for additional expenses, which saves the family budget a little.
3. There is a possibility that the finishing work was carried out by professionals and is of good quality.

Buying an apartment with full finishing has many advantages only if you have confidence in the integrity of the craftsmen and the quality of materials

Of course, this solution also has disadvantages:

• If a new home is purchased with finishing work completed, then their cost is probably included in the final price of the house or apartment.
• Finishing is carried out in a standard manner, without taking into account individual preferences.
• There is no way to check whether rules and regulations were followed. It often happens that decorative cladding of walls, floors and ceilings is carried out when the surfaces are not yet sufficiently dry after pouring the screed and plastering. This leads not only to damage to the coating, but also to the appearance of mold and mildew, which are very difficult to get rid of.

Thus, there are several options: purchasing turnkey housing, performing all or part of the activities yourself, as well as hiring craftsmen whose work can be controlled.

The golden mean is considered to be the purchase of housing for final finishing.

General list of works and sequence of their implementation

The first stage is the final alignment of the walls and ceiling

The final leveling of the surfaces is carried out using a putty solution. The fact is that plastering the base does not provide the evenness that is necessary for laying many facing materials. So, if you don’t get a perfectly smooth coating, then it’s impossible to paint it properly.

The process is as follows:

1. The most suitable putty mixture for the job is selected.
2. If the product is purchased dry, it is first diluted with water and kneaded.
3. Plastered surfaces are primed.
4. Application is carried out using a spatula and a rule. A trowel is used for final leveling.

The general procedure for finishing plastering is simple, but requires certain skills

This event is more suitable for preliminary preparation, so it can fall into several categories.

Second - laying tiles

Tiles are considered an ideal material for tiling rooms such as kitchens, bathrooms, toilets and corridors. Of course, if necessary, this solution can be abandoned, but these products are suitable for objects with high humidity or pollution.

It is important to consider that this process begins after the walls have been treated, but before the installation of plumbing and interior items. The moisture content of the facing surface must be assessed, and a specially selected adhesive composition is used for fixation.

Laying the tiles is done after the pipework has been installed, but before the plumbing fixtures are installed.

The parts are laid according to the existing pattern, uniform seams are formed between the elements. After installing the entire coating, you need to wait until it dries completely. Next, the joints are cleaned and grouted.

Now there is a wide variety of materials; they are divided not only by decorative qualities, but also by the surface on which they will be mounted.

Third – working with the ceiling

Various options can be used for finishing cladding. The most popular at the moment is considered to be a suspended ceiling, and the most inexpensive is painting or pasting with cheap foam or polystyrene boards.

There is no need to prepare the surface for a suspended ceiling; all other options require leveling the surface

Fourth – floor finishing

The floor experiences the greatest loads, so it is necessary to carefully consider the process of covering it. Rough work most often assumes that such a surface will be filled with screed, but this does not always allow for a truly even coating. Therefore, before finishing, final leveling is performed using a self-leveling compound.

Later, when the floor is completely dry, various materials can be used for work. If some rooms are tiled, then for the remaining rooms the most popular is the use of carpet, linoleum or laminate.

In the budget sector there is now quite a large selection of finishing materials

Fifth - final wall cladding

Wall finishing can be done using complex or simple options. The following solutions stand out:

• Wallpaper. There are many types of material that differ in their characteristics. So, paper products are considered the simplest. To obtain a better result, it is recommended to use non-woven and vinyl options. Pasting wallpaper is not the most difficult process that requires care.
• Coloring. This method has long been considered one of the most popular, but at the moment it is used much less frequently, because to obtain a truly beautiful surface you need to try. Painting requires perfect preparation of the walls. For the job, suitable compounds are used, which are applied to the base in a convenient way. The main thing is to get uniform coverage.

Wallpaper for painting is considered a middle option between wallpaper and painting.

• Use of decorative plaster. This group also includes compositions that can create a textured and textured effect. But to obtain the necessary surface, you need to have some skills.
• Installation of panels, lining or decorative stone. Each option makes it possible to get an original interior and has its own characteristics.

Venetian plaster and facing stone are considered elite types of finishing, but if desired, you can decorate them yourself

Indeed, decorating walls with your own hands involves many solutions, which allows you to choose the most preferable one.

Sixth – electrician

During rough work, electrical cables are laid and power consumption points are created. And during the final finishing, external electrical equipment and components are installed: sockets and switches are mounted, lamps and sconces are hung, the correct connections in the distribution boxes are checked and the presence of all external devices in the panel is checked. All work is carried out after covering the surfaces.

Sockets and switches are installed only after finishing the walls

On a note! If frame structures are installed on walls and ceilings, then it is necessary to provide for the distribution of wiring.

Seventh – plumbing

The plumbing is installed at the last stage, in order to prevent damage to it, you should plan the creation of the wiring in advance. Due to the fact that currently polypropylene pipes are predominantly used, they can be laid over the finish, taking care. Plumbing is installed in accordance with existing rules, all connection points are carefully checked. Then all that remains is to arrange and hang the interior items.

Thus, finishing activities complete all work, creating premises that are completely suitable for habitation.

Finishing not only gives the house a finished look, but also protects the structure from adverse external influences. The quality of the result depends on the correct choice of materials, compliance with technological requirements and the sequence of work stages.

Exterior finishing work consists of several stages. This is the selection of suitable materials, calculation of their quantity, preparation of the base and application of a decorative coating.

The first stage of finishing a house or cottage is the choice of materials; let’s look at the most popular ones. For cladding the walls of stone buildings built using traditional technologies, facade paints, decorative plasters, ceramic and stone tiles are used. Plastering walls followed by painting is considered one of the most inexpensive types of cladding. Modern facade paints are designed for long-term use. They do not fade under the sun's rays and resist moisture and temperature changes well. However, the paint will have to be refinished after a few years.

Decorative facade plasters contain mineral or polymer granules. This type of finishing has an aesthetic appearance and is resistant to both natural influences and mechanical damage. To work with decorative plasters, you need to find experienced craftsmen who have experience working with these materials. Otherwise, it may lie unevenly, with unsightly spots that will spoil the appearance of the facade.

For private houses and cottages, ceramic or stone tiles are most often used at the stage of finishing the basement and porch elements, that is, those parts of the house that are most susceptible to contamination and mechanical damage. Clinker and porcelain stoneware, as well as natural stone, are best suited for these purposes.

Calculate the amount of necessary materials according to the construction plans of the house. It is better to entrust this work to specialists who will do the work. Indeed, in the calculations it is necessary to take into account not only finishing, but also additional materials.

The procedure for preparing the base for finishing

Before applying paint or decorative plaster, the walls of the house must be leveled. At this stage, it is best to use modern dry mixtures based on lime-cement. Before leveling walls made of foam concrete, aerated concrete blocks or cinder blocks, a polymer mesh is fixed to them to improve the adhesion of the solution to the base. Brick walls can be plastered without using a mesh.

If the house design includes external insulation, then it is carried out before starting plastering work. In most cases, foam plastic is used to insulate stone houses. At the stage of preparing foam plastic for finishing, polymer meshes are necessarily used, as well as special plaster and putty meshes that have high adhesion to this material.

Home finishing sequence

The final stage of facade finishing is the application of decorative material. The procedure for applying facade paints is using a roller or spray gun. In the second case (if the master has the appropriate skills), the paint layer will be more uniform and smooth. Decorative plasters are applied manually using spatulas and trowels of various sizes.

At the stage of applying this material, it is very important to completely cover the wall from corner to corner within one working day. If you leave unfinished areas the next day, the junction of the dried and newly applied plaster will stand out on the facade. This problem can be solved if you attract a sufficient number of specialists who will plaster the surface during the day. Also, the facade can be divided into separate elements, which are separated from each other by rustications, cornices or other architectural details.

When laying tiles on the facade, you need to use only specialized adhesives and grouts that are intended for outdoor use. If at this stage traditional cement mortar is used in the finishing sequence of the cottage, then it is advisable to attach a metal mesh to the wall before installing the tiles.

Sequence of interior decoration of the house

Step-by-step interior decoration of a house is interior design. It is the order and quality of these works that will determine how beautiful and comfortable the housing will be. The choice of materials is very diverse - from traditional wood and stone to modern polymer materials.

The stage of purchasing finishing materials constitutes a significant part of the estimated cost of renovating a house or apartment. Therefore, it is advisable to decide on the price group and specific types of materials at the initial stage of repair work. When calculating materials, it is necessary to take into account not only the actual squaring of surfaces, but also the costs of cutting. For example, cutting ceramic tiles, parquet, and laminate can take from 5 to 10 percent, depending on the installation method.

The procedure for preparing for interior decoration of the house

The appearance and quality of interior decoration of houses largely depends on the correct preparation of the foundations. The planes of walls, floors and ceilings must be leveled using appropriate solutions. At the stage of preparing walls in rooms with normal humidity, ready-made gypsum mixtures are most often used. Walls in the bathroom and other wet rooms are made using cement-based mixtures or traditional cement mortar.

The finished surface must be smooth, even, without cracks or other visible defects. If the walls are intended for painting or thin-layer decorative plaster, they are additionally leveled with putty mixtures. The cement screed on the floors is covered with self-leveling leveling solutions. After the screeds and plasters have dried, they are treated with a primer. Primer solutions strengthen the top layer of bases and close pores in the material. This treatment increases the adhesion of finishing materials to the base, and also allows you to significantly reduce the consumption of paint and adhesive solutions.

When using traditional materials for walls and ceilings (painting or wallpaper), the order is to first paint the ceiling, then finish the walls of the house. But stretch and modular ceilings are installed after the walls are completed. It is better to stick wallpaper before installing skirting boards on parquet or other flooring. It will be very difficult to carefully cut the wallpaper to the baseboards.

Laminate and factory-varnished parquet boards are laid after finishing the walls and ceiling. Traditional parquet flooring can be laid, sanded and coated with a layer of primer until all stages of the interior finishing of the house are completed. But it will need to be covered with a protective layer of corrugated cardboard or thin fiberboard, carefully taping all the joints between the sheets of protective material. Tile flooring can be laid before finishing walls and ceilings. It is also advisable to cover them with some kind of protective material (in this case, even a thick plastic film will do) to protect the surface from drops of primer and paint.

Our construction company carries out all stages of exterior and interior finishing of houses and cottages in Moscow and the Moscow region. We have a staff of qualified specialists who know and follow the correct sequence and order of work with both traditional and modern materials. We formulate loyal prices for our services based on the characteristics of each specific object.

The foundation, walls and roof of the house, the so-called box, are most often erected by one team. The future owner of the home acts as an investor and supplier. When moving on to finishing the house, he will have to take care of the proper organization of the process. After all, the order in which certain types of work are performed is of great importance for the quality of construction.

Experienced foremen rightly claim that erecting the building frame is only a smaller part of building a house. Usually it is performed by one team, the leader of which independently determines the sequence of certain types of work. Organizing the supply of materials is within the power of a developer who does not have extensive construction experience. Moreover, due to the duration of each stage of the first phase of construction, there is always time to order the necessary materials in advance.

When it comes time to decorate the house, the situation changes. At a construction site, several different teams often start working simultaneously. All of them must be provided with the scope of work and the necessary materials. But this turns out to be not so simple. The main difficulty is the need to meet deadlines for completing a particular stage. A delay in the work of a team of electricians or plumbers leads to the fact that finishers cannot begin work on their site. Because of this, conflicts arise and the completion date of the house is delayed.

Where to begin?

The finishing of the premises begins after the completion of general construction work. In the cold season, the main condition is the presence of windows and doors

The answer to this question depends on what time of year the work will be carried out. It must be taken into account that positive temperatures are a necessary condition for many finishing processes. When interior work begins in the summer, all stages can be completed before the onset of cold weather. If you start finishing the house in late autumn or winter, then the first priority is installing windows and external doors, as well as connecting heating.

Basic Steps

Some finishing works can be done independently, which will significantly reduce their cost.

Let's consider the order of the main stages of finishing a building using the example of a one-story brick house, where the foundation, external walls and partitions, interfloor ceilings, roofing, chimneys and ventilation, base of floors on the ground, terrace, external staircase structure, water supply and sewerage have already been completed, external doors have been installed . Before the start of finishing work, the design of the interiors of the house must be ready, then the types of materials, their quantity and the location of the built-in equipment must be determined.

1 . FLOOR BASE

Depending on its thickness, the base of the floor can be reinforced with mesh

The base for floors made of so-called lean concrete is usually poured with fine-grained concrete in a layer of 3-4 cm and rubbed. If the base is made of high quality and there are no unevennesses, you can use self-leveling mixtures.

Before starting work, walls and windows can be covered with plastic film

2. INTERNAL NETWORKS
At the same time, you can install an antenna, a power supply and alarm system, and also wire the telephone network. It is better if the wiring is placed in corrugated hoses. This will ensure its safety and will allow you to change cables in the future, if necessary, without disturbing the surface of the walls. In adjacent rooms, another team can install water supply and sewerage pipes.

3. WATERPROOFING AND THERMAL INSULATION OF FLOORS ON GROUND
After the leveling layer of concrete has hardened, you can begin laying the waterproofing. It is made from a thick film or bitumen membrane on cold mastic. In order for the waterproofing layer to be dense, the base must be free of dust. Then a layer of thermal insulation is placed - slabs of mineral wool foam or extruded polystyrene foam. They are laid in two layers with the joints offset.

4 . HEATING PIPES ROUTING
Simultaneously with the implementation of the second layer of thermal insulation, the pipes of the heating systems are installed. They are laid between polystyrene foam boards, thereby minimizing heat loss. It is especially important that the terminals for connecting radiators are located at the required height. This is complicated by the absence of floors and window sills at the time of work, which can serve as a guide. To avoid complications, it is imperative to conduct a pressure test of the system before covering the pipes with floor grout.

5 . INTERNAL PLASTERING

All unevenness of gypsum plaster is rubbed out. After drying, the surface is ready to be covered with finishing materials: paint, tiles, wallpaper

A few days before the installation of heating pipes in one or more rooms is completed, you can begin plastering the ceiling and then the walls. The slopes of windows and internal doors are plastered after installing carpentry and window sills. It is necessary to leave holes in the walls for gas supply pipes.
Leveling gypsum plaster is applied to the layer of cement-lime plaster. Additional surface treatment before applying the final decorative coating is not required, since if the technology of use is followed, gypsum plaster provides both leveling and filling.

6. FLOOR SCREED

After the leveling layer of concrete has hardened start laying waterproofing - a thick film or bitumen membrane

The thermal insulation of the floor is usually covered with polyethylene film, on which a concrete screed is made. The film is necessary to protect the insulation from absorbing water from the concrete. Depending on the expected thickness of the applied concrete layer, the floor can be reinforced with metal mesh. Then beacons are attached to the film, and soundproofing tape is laid around the perimeter of the room. Large areas of the floor are divided by dilatation sutures. They are necessary to ensure that cracks do not appear on the floor due to such deformations.

Polyethylene film is laid over the thermal insulation layer, which reliably protects the insulation from moisture penetration

7. WINDOWS AND DOORS

After attaching the windows to the wall with anchors the seams are sealed with polyurethane foam. Then the external and internal slopes are sealed, covering the mounting foam from the destructive effects of ultraviolet radiation.

Before plastering work begins, windows and window sills made of PVC or wooden windows are installed. This is best done at above-zero air temperatures. To avoid damaging the surface of windows and doors during subsequent finishing work, it is better to protect them with thick plastic film.

8 . DEVICE OF LEVEL FLOORS
After plastering the walls and ceilings, the next stage of finishing the house is covering the pressure screed with a thin layer of self-leveling self-leveling mixture. It is applied only to dry screed, which dries for 5-6 weeks. This period must be maintained so that the base of the floor dries completely and gains strength. After drying (1-2 days), the self-leveling floor mixture is primed.

9 . INSULATION AND FINISHING OF FACADES
This work can begin even before installing the windows. It is best to choose one of the facade insulation systems, which includes all the necessary materials and products. A fiberglass reinforcing mesh is attached on top of the foam or mineral wool slabs, on top of which thin-layer plaster is laid.

10 . INSULATION OF THE ATTIC COVER

Installation of insulation of floor slabs can be carried out not only over the top floor, but also laid underneath it

If the attic will not be used, then a vapor barrier is laid on the ceiling of the last floor, then two layers of insulation (mineral wool boards or expanded polystyrene) with offset joints, and waterproofing on top of it. If you plan to use the attic as a useful attic space, a floor made of boards is installed above the layer of insulation along wooden joists. At the same time, the roof and walls of the attic space are insulated.

eleven . TILING AND FIRST PAINTING

The tiles are laid on a dry and leveled subfloor. using adhesives for interior work. Special compounds are used for jointing seams.

At the same time, you can begin laying tiles in the kitchen, bathrooms, pantries, garage, or paint the walls and ceilings for the first time.

12 . INSTALLATION OF GA30- AND WATER SUPPLY PIPES
After the first painting, they begin to install water and gas supply pipes. Thanks to pre-arranged holes, installation takes place without dirt or dust.

13 . FLOORS
After the subfloor has dried, ceramic tiles or parquet can be laid on it. In the latter case, it is necessary to check the humidity of the base with a special device, which should not exceed 3% when installing wooden floors. If the humidity is higher, you need to dry the base using construction thermal fans.

14 . INTERIOR DOORS
Their turn is after laying the floors, but before the second painting. Previously, door frames were installed already at the stage of erecting partitions. Now that adjustable boxes have appeared, they can be installed even after painting the walls.

15 . INSTALLATION OF DECOR AND SECOND PAINTING

Most often, modern homes are decorated with decorative cornices or ceiling moldings made of polystyrene foam, which are attached with special glue

The second painting of walls and ceilings begins after sanding and varnishing the floors, which are covered with film or cardboard, thus protecting them from contamination.

16 . INSTALLATION OF PLUMBING AND LIGHTING
Finally, the installation of plumbing fixtures, kitchen equipment, boiler, fans, etc. is carried out. After checking the operation of all life support systems of the house, you can begin preparing the housewarming party.

17. WORK AROUND THE HOME

When paving natural stone slabs It is better to lay it on a concrete base. For the coating to last a long time, the base must be perfectly level.

When the construction of the house is completed, they begin to arrange the local area, which includes creating a landscape, laying and paving paths, planting trees and bushes, installing lighting in the garden, as well as flower beds and ponds.

The colors of the facade of the house and the paving around it complement each other. To cover an open terrace, it is better to choose high-strength materials

The color of the joinery is selected in such a way that it harmonizes with the color scheme of the facade

Repairing and finishing an apartment is a voluminous, multi-stage process based on strict adherence to the sequence of stages of construction and finishing work and appropriate technologies. It cannot be said that work is divided into mandatory and less important. All of them are interconnected - mistakes and non-compliance with the technologies of previous works are sure to affect subsequent cycles according to the “domino principle”.

The section presents stages of apartment renovation and technologies of construction and finishing works, used by "Author's Repair" masters.

Preliminary stage

Design project development

The beginning of a major overhaul begins with finding out the details, the wishes of the customer and going to take measurements of the future object of work. Based on the data obtained, work is carried out to create a design project package: starting from the general plan, arrangement of furniture, plumbing, ending with technical details in the electrical project.

Budgeting

After approval of the design project, a technical analysis, work estimate and specifications for finishing materials are drawn up. It happens that customers come to us with a ready-made design project. In such cases, we limit ourselves to drawing up detailed estimates.

Supply of building materials

After signing the contract, the first stage of apartment renovation begins - the purchase and delivery of building materials. Usually we take responsibility for supplying the site with construction materials, using the services of large wholesale organizations that have been proven over the years and provide us with good discounts. In order to quickly complete the work, the supply and types of materials are tied to each stage of rough repairs and finishing.

The customer can also take on the function of delivering finishing materials according to a pre-agreed plan. This is not important. But this scenario occurs very rarely in our practice for a simple reason - everyone minds their own business.

Rough stages of apartment renovation

The rough stages of apartment renovation include dismantling, assembly, plastering, concrete work, as well as laying basic electrical and plumbing communications. Below are the sequence and technologies for major apartment renovations.

Preparatory stage

According to the approved redevelopment plan, at the preparatory stage of the rough renovation, work is carried out to demolish interior walls, seal interpanel joints and other seams, and remove built-in cabins along with screed in bathrooms. The latter take place in apartments of standard new buildings. This is followed by cleaning the premises, storing and loading construction waste into a pre-prepared container.

Now comes the turn of marking new interior walls. There are often cases of minor corrections due to various technical reasons that may occur during the work process.

Construction of interior walls

The next stage of apartment renovation is the construction of interior walls. Depending on the design features of the future interior and the technical characteristics of the room, internal walls are built from the following materials:

1. red building brick;
2. tongue-and-groove gypsum board;
3. foam block brick;
4. construction made of Knauf profiles and plasterboard.

Of the above, the most preferable option is, of course, classic brickwork, which can withstand any wall cabinets and structures. However, due to its considerable weight, masonry from building bricks is not always acceptable.

The second and third numbers in terms of strength and weight are walls made of tongue-and-groove walls, followed by those made of foam blocks. The lightest and least durable walls are made from plasterboard construction. The latter are justified in old houses with wooden floors, as well as in combined versions with more durable materials to create complex design forms. Each option has its own technology and professional nuances.

In parallel with the construction of interior partitions, plumbing distribution units for the bathroom, toilet, and kitchen are being assembled. The main goal of the first part of the plumbing work is to make the basic layout of water supply and sewer pipes for bathrooms in conditions of free access.

Plastering works

This stage of apartment renovation refers to leveling plaster for walls, window and door slopes. Plastering work is carried out in compliance with the following sequence:

• markings for beacon profiles;
• priming walls;
• installation of a beacon profile;
• plastering walls, slopes.

Plasterboard walls cannot be plastered.

Plastering the ceiling and installing suspended and tension structures are carried out only after electrical cables, ventilation and other communications have been installed on the ceiling.

Wiring of electrical communications, plumbing work

The following activities include to the most crucial stage any major repairs - installation of heating radiators, laying and wiring of electrical cables, low-current wires. The latter includes grounding cables, TV, Internet, telephone, alarm.

Before laying cables, the output of switches and sockets is marked on the plastered walls. Next, work is carried out on grooves, holes for cables, socket boxes, distribution boxes, and a built-in electrical unit is installed.

Depending on the purpose, different cables are laid to the points indicated on the electrical design as follows (a short example is given):

• an electrical cable with a cross section of 3/1.5 mm is laid according to the wall (from the distribution box to the switching point) - ceiling (to the lighting point);
• The 3/2.5mm electrical cable is designed to power electrical outlets and is routed slightly differently: wall (socket point) - floor - wall (electrical panel point with circuit breakers). This cable is also used for connecting distribution boxes intended for node connection of a group of sockets or switches

According to SNiP standards, more powerful dedicated power cables are laid for each unit of electrical appliances: hob, oven, electric grill. In order to protect against mechanical damage, all cables are packaged in a non-flammable corrugated pipe sheath and laid in neat cables in special clips. The latter are fixed to the floor and ceiling at the beginning of electrical installation work.

Upon completion of basic electrical work, all grooves and holes in the walls are sealed with gypsum mortar, and circuit breakers are assembled and connected in the main electrical panel. A detailed plan for the location of all cables is drawn up

At the technical stage of apartment renovation, wiring work is also carried out - welding water and sewer pipes, installing, connecting and checking the tightness of connection points on heating radiators.

Ceiling plaster

The next step is plastering the ceiling. This is a classic method of rough finishing the ceiling if you plan to install gypsum cornices, ceiling rosettes and ornaments in the future. Here it is worth focusing your attention on one feature in plastering technology. For the purpose of insurance against various kinds of misunderstandings, plasterers of the company "Author's Apartment Repair" work in the following order:

1. priming the ceiling;
2. fastening with a gap of 3-5mm galvanized metal mesh;
3. installation of beacon profiles;
4. plastering the ceiling with gypsum mortar.

In this case, metal mesh serves as an excellent means both for reinforcing the plaster layer, which during leveling the ceiling can reach up to 5 cm, and for customers’ confidence in their safety.

In addition to plaster, suspended structures made of plasterboard, panels, and suspended ceilings are widely used, both in mixed and individual versions.

Installation of concrete screed, waterproofing

Pouring the concrete screed and waterproofing the bathrooms is the final stage of the rough renovation. A primer liquid is applied to the floor, cleared of construction debris and dust. Next, all the cracks are closed with a waterproofing composition based on Vodostop cement.

Now comes the turn of pouring concrete screed along the beacons. In order to lighten the load on the interfloor floors, expanded clay is added to the screed. The mixed expanded clay concrete mortar is distributed onto a pre-installed reinforcing metal mesh and pulled out using a “rule” (a 2-meter ruler made of a light alloy) along the beacons. After a day, the surface of the concrete screed is covered with dense polyethylene to ensure uniform setting of the concrete mass, as well as to protect the screed from possible debris from subsequent puttying work.

Waterproofing the floor in the bathroom and toilets is carried out after the screed has completely dried. The surface of the screed is first primed and then coated with a coating waterproofing polymer. Coating waterproofing is applied with a brush with intermediate drying between layers. At this point, the rough stages of the repair are completed.

The final stages of apartment renovation

The finishing stages include painting and commissioning work, laying tiles, flooring, installation of plumbing fixtures, electrical equipment, lighting and interior doors. As previously noted, compliance with technology, sequence of rough stages of major repairs directly affect the apartment’s readiness for final finishing.

Installation of ceiling cornices

Before starting puttying work, ceiling cornices are installed. Here it is worth paying attention to the right choice of material: gypsum or polyurethane. The former are more expensive, the latter are an order of magnitude cheaper, but over time they “dry out”, due to which decent gaps form at the connecting joints. There are no such problems with gypsum cornices.

Plastering walls and ceilings

Before finishing puttying, you need to decide: should you prepare the walls and ceiling for wallpaper or painting? This is an important question, because for Each type of finish uses its own types of putty:

• for painting - polymer putty "Shitrok";
• under the wallpaper - gypsum putty "Pufas", "Uniflot".

At this stage of repair, the walls and ceiling are prepared for the chosen option. The pre-plastered surface is sanded and primed. When applying the first putty layer, a reinforcing painting mesh is simultaneously laid, protecting the thin layer of putty from microcracks.

Depending on the purpose, further putty technologies are divided:

• for areas to be painted, fiberglass fabric "Gossamer" is additionally used;
• under the wallpaper - we limit ourselves to a painting mesh, on which 2 more layers of putty are applied."

Putty surfaces are sanded with fine sandpaper and dusted with primer impregnation.

Installation of bathtubs and inspection hatches

Before laying the wall tiles, an inspection hatch of the appropriate size is installed under the tiles. The hatch is fixed into the wall hole in such a way that there is unobstructed access to distribution taps, water purification filters, etc. and at the same time, the contour of the hatch coincided with the seam between the tiles.

At the same stage, a bathtub with a connection to the sewer is installed. There is pre-laying of floor tiles here, but only for the area under the bathtub. Subsequently, the bath parapet is covered with wall tiles. The dividing seam between the tiles and the bathtub is filled with waterproof sealant with a selected shade to match the color of the tile grout.

Laying floor and wall tiles

The process of laying tiles begins with the walls. The necessary measurements are taken to center the tile seams, and the most important places are marked. Next, along the perimeter of the walls below, with one tile step from the floor, guides from the PN 27/28mm profile are fixed, acting as a support for the first row of tiles.

Wall tiles are laid from bottom to top. The bottom row remains empty on the walls. It is laid last after laying the floor tiles. Note: laying floor tiles in bathrooms, hallways and kitchens is carried out taking into account the common horizon with other floor coverings - parquet, parquet boards, laminate.

Laying parquet boards

To lay a certain type of parquet board, an additional backing in the form of plywood is required. The latter is cut into 80/80cm squares or bought already cut, glued to the floor, with additional fasteners in the form of dowel nails. After sanding, the deck assembly of parquet boards is carried out on plywood and glued to the base. Possible excess glue is removed using white spirit.

To move to the next stage, areas of parquet boards and floor tiles are covered with hardboard sheets. The joints of the hardboard sheets are sealed with self-adhesive masking tape.

Final stage: painting, wallpaper, doors, commissioning

We have reached the final stage of renovation and finishing of apartments. In fact, painting work and, partly, wallpaper are an excellent catalyst for previous work on plastering and puttying walls and ceilings. All shortcomings, “jambs”, if they were previously admitted, are clearly visible after painting or pasting the walls with thin wallpaper.

To prevent such troubles, during plastering and painting work we use 500W floodlights. The spotlight's light is directed along the work area, showing all possible recesses, irregularities and bulges, which are removed in a timely manner. Using this simple but effective method, you can achieve almost ideal results.

After painting and wallpapering, interior doors, floor plinths, sockets and switches, household electrical equipment and lighting fixtures are installed.

At the same time, the installation and connection of plumbing equipment is carried out:

• shower cabin;
• toilets;
• bidet;
• shells;
• faucets,
• water heated towel rails.

In conclusion, the hardboard is removed from the floor, general cleaning is done and garbage is removed. This completes the major renovation of the apartment. After the customer accepts the work object, the acceptance certificate and warranty obligations are signed. The guarantees come into force from the moment the acceptance certificate is signed and are valid for 3 years.

Compliance with the sequence of work stages is the key to successful repairs!

If you have built your own house, then, of course, you cannot do without major finishing work. But nowadays, even getting an apartment in a new building does not free you from the need to redo everything or even continue finishing “for the builders” literally from scratch.

In any case, there is a lot of work, so it is impossible to do without their precise definition. Moreover, it will be necessary to draw up not only a list of works, but also to determine their strict sequence. This will help you clearly set current goals and accurately allocate resources, both financial and labor.

When discipline is everything

Strictly speaking, how many objects, houses, there are so many different approaches to finishing. Of course, there are general principles that govern everything. But there are so many nuances that without an accurate understanding of how to overcome them, doing something efficiently and on time becomes almost impossible.

Therefore, we take as a basis the most, unfortunately, common situation in modern times - you buy an apartment in a new building, in which there is practically nothing, only bare walls made of reinforced concrete and some kind of windows, it’s good if they are plastic and well installed.

As a start - analysis

The first point of the plan will necessarily be an analysis of the existing situation:

• what is the location of the premises;
• how load-bearing walls are located;
• drawing up a plan for alterations, moves and creation of new walls, as they say, we work with space;

Helpful advice!
Throughout the entire sequence of finishing work, we advise you to immediately determine the scope of tasks that you can handle yourself, and the tasks that you will entrust to a contractor.
This will significantly discipline the entire course of work.

• Next, we decide which heating systems will be used and how the water supply will be ensured;
• the most important point is planning the electrical wiring;
• then the choice of finishing materials;
• resolving the issue with the performers.

As a result of the assessment phase, the following decisions are made:

• we will break down internal walls that do not have a load;
• we put up partitions;
• We make self-leveling insulated floors with electric heating;
• in the bathroom and toilet - tiles, boiler.
• In the kitchen there is a complete set of built-in furniture.

Details

When a general plan has been developed, we begin to implement the entire sequence, and it can also be considered as a sequence for finishing a wooden house, there are practically no differences, only the selected materials and technologies will introduce their own nuances.

We act strictly step by step

We start, as usual, with the main thing, which will affect all further work.

• Working on the walls is where you need to focus your attention from the very beginning:
  
  • here we break down unnecessary walls;
  • we move them, if necessary;
  • We build new ones from metal profiles and plasterboard.
• At this first level of work, we make sure to insulate the space between the drywall planes.

Helpful advice!
A good rule of thumb is to prepare an estimate for all repairs that need to be done.
We advise you to decide in advance on all the materials and tools that may be needed in the future.
Moreover, divide all materials into basic and auxiliary, and tools into those purchased for permanent use and those that can only be rented for the duration of the work.

• If you plan not to overwhelm the space and abandon unnecessary doors in favor of arches, then we calculate the openings in advance, choose the shape of the arches and install them.
• If your toilet and bathroom are separated, we can solve the problem of combining them and making a shared bathroom.
• At this stage, we will definitely build a scheme for water supply and heat supply - these two systems simply require taking care of future routes for laying pipes.
• But the electrical wiring should already be completely completed in such a way that in the future, after finishing the walls, you only have to install sockets and switches.
• Upon completion of this stage of work, we have at our disposal an apartment with a fully planned space, we have determined the size of the openings, all the ways to move around the apartment, all the locations of the doors. We remove garbage.

• Next, we ensure the apartment’s water supply by laying pipes and installing plumbing, including equipment in the bathroom.
• If we plan to install heated floors, we decide to abandon radiators and extra pipes.
• Next comes the floor's turn.
  Everything, including pouring the electric heating system, is carried out according to the methodology for creating such floors:
  
  • alignment;
  • waterproofing;
  • cement strainer;
  • cable laying;
  • checking and debugging operation;
  • floor filling;
  • finishing treatment.
• A good rule of thumb is to remove debris after completing each significant stage of work. Now is the time to do this.

Helpful advice!
The market for building materials and related technologies is so large that it is impossible to do without research.
We advise you to read all offers very carefully before making a purchasing decision.
Prices even in neighboring construction supermarkets for the same product can vary by 1.5-2 times.

• We move on to the walls and wet plaster. Moreover, we follow the rule of applying a layer of gypsum plaster on top of the lime-cement layer, which, we take into account, takes a little longer to dry.
• We take into account that the windows are already in place, and this is the only element “from the builders” that we accepted from the very beginning. At the same time, we are already installing slopes and window sills ourselves. Here it will be very important to be prudent and, in order to avoid unintentional damage to what has already been done, temporarily close it.

• Once all the wet work on the walls, floor and ceiling is completed, it’s time for the baseboards and doors.
• Next we move to the hallway. Again, the floor is now tiles, the walls are wet plaster and the ceiling is suspended.
• - tiles, suspended ceiling on the ceiling.
• In the kitchen, a lot is determined by the set of selected built-in furniture. Therefore, we recommend that elements not included in the kit, which you will already purchase separately, be strictly coordinated in texture and design with the kitchen elements.
• At the final stage we work with furniture, built-in electronic and plumbing equipment. Setting up the lighting.

Helpful advice!
Even if you are extremely prudent and accurate, and some even record each completed stage of finishing with a photo of its completion, you still cannot avoid “feedback”.
You will constantly catch yourself thinking that something should have been done in advance.
And this is a normal course of construction; you shouldn’t blame yourself for being short-sighted.
In this situation, we advise that in order not to spoil what has already been done, just securely protect the results of your work from damage and continue.